TESTING ONLY BAH

Linux General Anything that are related to Linux but does not fit into the category of networking, storage, database or Desktop Environments Batch Image Resize Keeping Aspect Ratio mogrify -path [Full path to store the resized images] -resize [width]x[height] -quality [quality] -format [format] *.JPG No Aspect Ratio mogrify -path [Full path to store the resized images] -resize [width]x[height]! -quality [quality] -format [format] *.JPGCheking Printer Ink Level It can be frustrating sometimes that Linux users aren't able to check the ink levels on our printers like Windows users could, but luckily there are packages that will resolve this problem for major printer manufacturers: Install libieee1284-devel Install libinklevel Install ink Use command ink -p usb to check Convert PNG to ICO using ImageMagick convert logo.png -define icon:auto-resize=64,48,32,16 logo.icoHow to do Mac/iOS Stuff in Linux Converting Apple Developer Certificate to .p12 with OpenSSL Convert the developer certificate file you receive from Apple into a PEM certificate file. Run the following command-line statement from the OpenSSL bin directory: openssl x509 -in developer_identity.cer -inform DER -out developer_identity.pem -outform PEM If you are using the private key from the keychain on a Mac computer, convert it into a PEM key: openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -in mykey.p12 -out mykey.pem You can now generate a valid P12 file, based on the key and the PEM version of the iPhone developer certificate: openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey mykey.key -in developer_identity.pem -out iphone_dev.p12 Sendmail Sample Usage mail.txt: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html From: newsletter@shopbah.com Subject: TESTING 123 hehehe TESTING ONLY BAH Content line 1 Content line 2 Content line 3 * sendmail address@example.com < mail.txtWindows - Issues IIS Service Unavailable Error Search for "run" In the run dialog, enter "iisreset" and press run Networking Linux network troubleshooting and administration CentOS 7 - Configuring Cacti Install Required Dependencies yum -y install mariadb-server php php-cli php-mysql net-snmp-utils rrdtool php-snmp gcc mariadb-devel net-snmp-devel autoconf automake libtool dos2unix Enable Required Services for Cacti chkconfig httpd onchkconfig mariadb onchkconfig crond on Download and Extract Cacti cd /var/www/html wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-0.8.8c.tar.gz tar -xzvf cacti-0.8.8c.tar.gz Setting Up Cacti for Apache Add Cacti User & Enable Cron Jobs adduser cactiecho "*/5 * * * * cacti php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php &>/dev/null" >> /etc/cron.d/cacti Fix Cacti Directory Permission cd /var/www/html/cactichown -R cacti.apache rra logchmod 775 rra log Set Up Cacti Database mysql -p cacti < /var/www/html/cacti/cacti.sqlGRANT ALL ON cacti.* TO cactiuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'MyV3ryStr0ngPassword'; flush privileges; exitcd /var/www/html/cacti/include/ vi config.php (and change $database_* configuration and $url_path) Open Firewall Ports to HTTP and HTTPS firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http firewall-cmd --reload Login to cacti using admin:admin and go to “Console -> System Utilities” and click on “Rebuild Poller Cache” after the first login!IPTables - Forwarding Between LAN and WLAN Add the following to /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules, substitute LAN_MAC_ADDR and WLAN_MAC_ADDR with your Ethernet device and WLAN device MAC addresses for persistent network names: SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="LAN_MAC_ADDR", NAME="ether0" SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="WLAN_MAC_ADDR", NAME="wifi0" Add the following to /etc/sysctl.d/30-ip_forward.conf: net.ipv4.ip_forward=1net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1net.ipv4.conf.all.forwarding=1 Add the following to /etc/iptables/iptables.rules: *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [783:65928] :INPUT ACCEPT [73:9660] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [6180:382480] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [18:1260] -A POSTROUTING -o wifi0 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT*filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [176:192839] -A INPUT -i lo -m comment --comment "Inbound from loopback (lo)" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j NFLOG --nflog-group 1 -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -i wifi0 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i wifi0 -o ether0 -m comment --comment "ether0 <\- wifi0" -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i ether0 -o wifi0 -m comment --comment "wifi0 -> ether0" -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMITConnecting to OpenVPN Using NetworkManager Install the required packages sudo apt-get install network-manager network-manager-openvpn network-manager-openvpn-gnome Creating individual files from client.ovpn file These files must be kept safe and private at all times Make a directory called openvpn in your home directory Copy the client.ovpn file into dir openvpn Optional: Keep an original copy of the file – call it client.ovpn.orig Next we will create 4 files under the openvpn directory. Open the client.ovpn file in a text editor Create a file called ca.crt – copy the text between and from client.ovpn into this file Create a file called client.crt – copy the text between and from client.ovpn into this file Create a file called client.key – copy the text between and from client.ovpn into this file Create a file called ta.key – copy the text between and from client.ovpn into this file At this point i have a total of 6 files under my openvpn directory Modify the client.ovpn file Just before the ## —–BEGIN RSA SIGNATURE—– line add the below lines and save: ca ca.crtcert client.crtkey client.keytls-auth ta.key Setting up the Network Manager Click on Ubuntu network icon on the top right Select VPN Connections -> Configure VPN ( the Network Connections window will open ) Click on the VPN tab and click Import Select the client.ovpn file we just modified and it should automatically import some things into the next screen Connection Name will be = client – change this to something meaningful ( i set it to companyVPN ) Gateway must be imported already Type is : Password with Certificates ( TLS ) – this was also set for me Provide the username and password for VPN User certificate will be client.crt CA certificate will be ca.crt Private Key will be client.key Click on Advanced -> TLS Authentication Tab Key file will be ta.key Key Direction must be set based on the key direction in your client.ovpn file Open the client.ovpn file and search for “key-direction” and note the number after that ( mine is key-direction 1 ) Put this number in the Key Direction field in the TLS Authentication Tab Click save on all windows and close all windows. Time to test connection Click on network icon on the top right Select VPN Connections and you should see your connection there – click it If successfully connected, you will see a message and then you can verify your IP address with ifconfig There is a Disconnect VPN under VPN Connection for obvious reasons OpenVPN - Firewall Configuration FirewallD Use the following commands to open all ports required by OpenVPN: firewall-cmd --list-servicesfirewall-cmd --permanent --add-service openvpnfirewall-cmd --permanent --add-masqueradefirewall-cmd --query-masqueradefirewall-cmd --reload IPTables My IPTables configuration /etc/iptables/iptables.rules for OpenVPN: *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [32:2712] :LOGGING - [0:0] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo0 -m comment --comment "Allow loopback lo0" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j LOGGING -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -i tun+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A LOGGING -j LOG --log-prefix "DROPPED: " \--log-level 7 -A LOGGING -j DROP COMMIT # Completed on Mon Jun 30 06:48:44 2014 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Mon Jun 30 06:48:44 2014 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [2:165] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [2:165] -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT RHEL VLAN and Bonding Configuration Check list: Check whether the 8021q module has been loaded. lsmod | grep 8021q If the 8021q module is not loaded, run the following command to load it: modprobe 8021q Configuration Add the following lines to /etc/modprobe.conf : alias bond0 bondingoptions bonding max_bonds=1Edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 it should look something like this:DEVICE=eth0USERCTL=noONBOOT=yesMASTER=bond0SLAVE=yesBOOTPROTO=noneHWADDR=Edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 it should look something like this:DEVICE=eth1USERCTL=noONBOOT=yesMASTER=bond0SLAVE=yesBOOTPROTO=noneHWADDR= Now create the Bond0 interface: NOTE: No IP address will be assigned to the bond0 device. Create a new file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0 it should look like this: DEVICE=bond0BOOTPROTO=noneONBOOT=yesTYPE=EthernetBONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100" NOTE: mode could be different, these are the mode options, but if Blade server is using Virtual Connect user should use mode=1. mode=0 (balance-rr) Round-robinmode=1 (active-backup) Active-backupmode=2 (balance-xor) XORmode=3 (broadcast) Broadcastmode=4 (802.3ad) IEEE 802.3ad Dynamic link aggregationmode=5 (balance-tlb) Adaptive transmit load balancingmode=6 (balance-alb) Adaptive load balancing The first four modes are the most commonly used: VLAN tag setup This will be a virtual interface with a VLAN tag of 48. User's VLAN set-up is most likely different so just replace 48 with the VLAN tag of user's network. i.e. bond1.50 would be the bonded interface for VLAN 50. Create a new file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0.48 it should look like this: DEVICE=bond0.48ONBOOT=yesTYPE=EthernetBOOTPROTO=staticVLAN=yesNETMASK=255.255.255.0NETWORK=192.168.48.0IPADDR=192.168.48.100 Ensure that the default gateway in this configuration is recorded in the /etc/sysconfig/network file otherwise it may not work properly. Once done, it should look something like: NETWORKING=yesHOSTNAME=GATEWAY=192.168.48.1 User has now setup bonding and VLAN tagging. User needs to restart networking to make the changes active. service network restart Testing Verify bonding interface is up and running ifconfig -a Verify configuration (RHEL 5 is using sysfs , so check out /sys/class/net/ )Setup SFTP to Public Directory (/var/www) Configuring SSH for SFTP vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config Comment the following line: Subsystem sftp /usr/local/libexec/sftp-server Add the following lines: Subsystem sftp internal-sftp Match Group ChrootDirectory %h ForceCommand internal-sftp X11Forwarding no AllowTcpForwarding no Save and close Reload ssh sudo systemctl restart sshd Add SFTP User and Set Permission sudo groupadd -g -s /bin/false -d /var/www/html sudo passwd sudo chown root /var/www/html sudo chmod 755 /var/www/html sudo mkdir /var/www/html/ sudo chmod 775 /var/www/html/ sudo chown apache:apache /var/www/html/ sudo chmod g+s /var/www/html/ Selinux sudo setsebool -P ssh_chroot_rw_homedirs on sudo setsebool -P httpd_unified 1 sudo setfacl -d -m g:apache:rw /var/www/html/ References Spiceworks Article CentOS Docs FirewallD - Opening a Port Use this command to find your active zone(s): firewall-cmd --get-active-zones It will say either public, dmz, or something else. You should only apply to the zones required. In the case of dmz try: firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-port=/tcp --permanent Otherwise, substitute dmz for your zone, for example, if your zone is public: firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent Then remember to reload the firewall for changes to take effect. firewall-cmd --reloadUsing LetsEncrypt for OpenVPN WebSSL Using letsencrypt for OpenVPN Access Server is nothing more than symlinking the files to letsencrypt keys and certs: sudo -s cd /usr/local/openvpn_as/etc/ mv web-ssl web-ssl.bak mkdir web-ssl ln -s /etc/letsencrypt/live//privkey.pem web-ssl/server.key ln -s /etc/letsencrypt/live//cert.pem web-ssl/server.crt ln -s /etc/letsencrypt/live//fullchain.pem web-ssl/ca.crt systemctl restart openvpnas Monitor Mode on Broadcom-wl Driver Enable monitor mode: $ echo 1 > /proc/brcm_monitor0 Enabling monitor mode will create a prism0 network interface. Wireshark and other network tools can use this new prism0 interface. To disable monitor mode: $ echo 0 > /proc/brcm_monitor0SSH Tunneling ssh -p @ -L :: -N **Note:**Remote's host and port can be any host and port accessible by the remote host, e.g. to access the router web interface on 192.168.1.1 (remote) use :192.168.1.1:80Syncing Files with FTP I came across a problem when doing migration last time, the server grew too big that I cannot just simply compress the files and move it to another server, it was more than 20GB files. So, I came across an FTP client called LFTP that will synchronize files and folders over FTP. The script below is the script I used to sync the files, let's call it sync.sh: #!/bin/bashHOST=''USER=''PASS=''RCD=''lftp -e "open $HOSTuser $USER $PASSmirror --verbose --continue $RCDbye" To sync only certain folders, use the following sciprts: #!/bin/bashHOST=''USER=''PASS=''RCD=''lftp -e "open $HOSTuser $USER $PASSmirror --verbose --continue --exclude '.*' --exclude '.*/' --include '' --include '' $RCDbye" To have sync overnight even when logged out, use the command nohup bash sync.sh > sync.log.ArchLinux - Setting Up Fortinet SSL VPN Install ppp, openfortivpn and networkmanager's fortinet plugin package: sudo pacman -Syu ppp openfortivpn networkmanager-fortisslvpn Get certificate digest by running: sudo openfortivpn : --username= Enable kernel module: modprobe ppp_generic Reconnect with openfortivpn: sudo openfortivpn : --username= --trusted-cert Now you can connect to the VPN by creating a new Fortinet SSLVPN (fortisslvpn) connection: Enter the Gateway in the format : Your username and password Finally click "Advanced" and enter the certificate digest into Trusted certificate field References ArchLinux PPP Openfortivpn Desktop Environments Everthing to do about Desktop Environments, including LXDE, XFCE, KDE and Gnome Getting Cursor Pointer Theme for LXDE Installing the package xcursor-themes Then go to Preferences > Customize Look and Feel Select your cursor pointer theme under Mouse Cursor tab LXDE Volume Keybinding Add the following lines to ~/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml: amixer sset Master toggle amixer sset Master 5%+ amixer sset Master 5%- Issue command => openbox --restartLXDE Blueproximity Settings Locking Command: xscreensaver-command -activateUnlock Command: pkill xscreensaverProximity Command: xscreensaver-command -time || daemonize /usr/bin/xscreensaver -no-splashDaemonize Utility: To stop blueproximity from hanging when using the proximity command, it requires the daemonize command (http://software.clapper.org/daemonize/). Using "xscreensaver -no-splash &" or "xscreensaver -no-splash" will cause blueproximity to hang.Auto Suspend USB There are 2 settings that needs to changed: Add usbcore.autosuspend=0 usbcore.autosuspend_delay_ms=-1 to /boot/grub/grub.cfg kernel param Disable monitor power manager control in xfce4-power-manager settings Install acpid Add the following udev rules to /etc/udev/rules.d/99-usb-autosuspend.rules:ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", TEST=="power/control", ATTR{power/control}="on" ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", TEST=="power/autosuspend", ATTR{power/autosuspend}="0" ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", TEST=="power/autosuspend_delay_ms", ATTR{power/autosuspend_delay_ms}="-1" LXDE Visual Artifacts when Switching from Desktops with Chrome LXDE Visual Artifacts when Switching Desktops. Install a composite manager will remove the artifacts, below is a list of composite managers: xcompmgr - a minimal alternative to Compiz Compton - A bug-fixed fork of dcompmgr, which is a fork of xcompmgr Cairo Compmgr (Cairo Composite Manager) - a compositing add-on for existing window managers. It uses Cairo), a vector graphics library also used in GTK+. Unagi Compositing Manager - a compositing manager which can be used along with an existing window manager. It uses the XCB library. I used Compton for my composite manager: Install compton package Add @compton -b to the end of /etc/xdg/lxsession/LXDE/autostart References: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ComptonScripts Contains all the script I used for my administration Script - Backup Script for Home Directories and MySQL Databases #!/bin/sh # Home directory to backup must be absolute path, with trailing slash home_dir='/home/' # Target backup directory, must be absolute path, with trailing slash backup_dir='/backups/' # Database user db_user='root' # Database Password db_pwd='' cd "$home_dir" # Get list of users based on home dir users=`find . -maxdepth 1 -type d $ -iname "*" ! -iname "backups" ! -iname "lost+found" $ -exec echo {} \; | sed "s#./##" | grep -v '^/home$'` for user in $users; do # Skip if user string is empty if [ $user == "" -o $user == ".." -o $user == "." ]; then continue fi # Archive all files in directory archive="$backup_dir`date +%Y%m%d`.$user.tar.gz" tar czf "$archive" "$user" done # Database backup script if [ ! -z "$db_pwd" ]; then databases=`mysql -u$db_user -p$db_pwd -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | tr -d "| " | grep -v Database` else databases=`mysql -u$db_user -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | tr -d "| " | grep -v Database` fi cd $backup_dir for db in $databases; do if [[ "$db" != "information_schema" ]] && [[ "$db" != "performance_schema" ]] && [[ "$db" != "mysql" ]] && [[ "$db" != _* ]] ; then sql="`date +%Y%m%d`.$db.sql" echo "Dumping database: $db" if [ -z "$db_pwd" ]; then mysqldump -u$db_user $db > $sql else mysqldump -u$db_user -p$db_pwd $db > $sql fi tar -czf "`date +%Y%m%d`.$db.sql.tar.gz" $sql rm $sql fi done NOTE: Add this to cronjob to delete backups older than 90 days: find . -type d -mtime +90 -exec rm {}\;Script - MySQL Dump Databases Separated by DB Name #!/bin/bash DUMP_EXEC="mysqldump" #path to mysqldump MYSQL_EXEC="mysql" #path to mysql MYSQL_USER="root" #db user MYSQL_PASSWORD="" #db password databases="$MYSQL_EXEC -u$MYSQL_USER" if [ "$MYSQL_PASSWORD" ]; then databases="$databases -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD" fi eval "$databases -e 'show databases'" | while read dbname do if [ "$dbname" ]; then echo "Dumping database: $dbname" dumpScript="$DUMP_EXEC --max_allowed_packet=1G -u$MYSQL_USER" if [ "$MYSQL_PASSWORD" ]; then dumpScript="$dumpScript -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD" fi eval "$dumpScript --complete-insert '$dbname' > '$dbname.sql'" fi done Script - Move Infected Emails to Quarantine and Notify Users The following script will do the following: Parse email headers from ClamScan Results Move infected email to $QUARANTINE folder Construct email messages Email the users who has any infected emails in their mailbox #!/bin/bash ADMIN="admin@domain.com" # Admin email QUARANTINE="/quarantine/directory/" # Quarantine folder with trailing slash HEADER="The emails listed has been moved to quarantine and will be deleted after 30 days. If you have any concerns, please contact the server administrator" FOOTER="This is an automated email through ClamScan results, please find the script details at 'https://wiki.twcloud.tech/books/linux/page/script---move-infected-emails-to-quarantine-and-notify-users'" # Getting email information [ -z "$1" ] && echo "File parameter missing" && exit 1 [ ! -f "$1" ] && echo "File not found / not a regular file" && exit 1 declare -A emails while read i; do file=`echo "$i" | sed -e 's/\:\ .*FOUND//'` if [ ! -f "$file" ]; then continue fi infection=`echo "$i" | sed -n 's/\:\ .*FOUND//'` to=`cat "$file" | grep -m 1 "^Envelope-to\:\s\+" | sed 's/Envelope-to\:\ //' | grep -EiEio '\b[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}\b'` # Try find To: header if Envelope-to: not found [[ -z "$to" ]] && to=`cat "$file" | grep -m 1 "^To\:\s\+" | sed 's/To\:\ //' | grep -EiEio '\b[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}\b'` from=`cat "$file" | grep -m 1 "^From\:\s\+" | sed 's/From\:\ //'` d=`cat "$file" | grep -m 1 "^Delivery-date\:\s\+" | sed 's/Delivery-date\:\ //'` subject=`cat "$file" | grep -m 1 "^Subject\:\s\+" | sed 's/Subject\:\ //'` # Send empty "$to" to admin [[ -z "$to" ]] && to="$ADMIN" # Construct email message [[ -z "${emails[$to]}" ]] && emails[$to]="$HEADER" emails[$to]="${emails[$to]}\n\nFrom: $from\nDate: $d\nSubject: $subject" # Move emails to quarantine mv "$file" "$QUARANTINE" done < "$1" # Notify email users that the emails are sent to quarantine for k in "${!emails[@]}"; do echo -e "${emails[$k]}\n----------\n$FOOTER" | mail -s "Infected emails quarantined" -c "$ADMIN" $k done Delete Old Emails and Notify User ADMIN="admin@domain.com" # Admin email DOMAIN="domain.com" # Domain name HEADER="The emails listed has been moved to trash, and will be deleted on the 31st December every year" FOOTER="This is an automated email generated through a script, please find the script details at 'https://wiki.twcloud.tech/books/linux/page/delete-old-emails-and-notify-user'" REMOVE_FILE_AGE=60 # File age to remove in days USER="user" # Username used to login to the hosting account TRASH_FOLDER="/home/$USER/trashed_emails/" # Trash folder with trailing slash # Getting email information [ -z "$1" ] && echo "Email user parameter missing" && exit 1 [ ! -d "/home/$USER/mail/$DOMAIN/$1/cur" ] && echo "Email not found" && exit 1 # Declarations declare -A emails for file in $(find "/home/$USER/mail/$DOMAIN/$1/cur" -type f -mtime +${REMOVE_FILE_AGE} -print); do if [ ! -f "$file" ]; then continue fi to="$1@$DOMAIN" from=`cat "$file" | grep -m 1 "^From\:\s\+" | sed 's/From\:\ //'` d=`cat "$file" | grep -m 1 "^Delivery-date\:\s\+" | sed 's/Delivery-date\:\ //'` subject=`cat "$file" | grep -m 1 "^Subject\:\s\+" | sed 's/Subject\:\ //'` # Send empty "$to" to admin [[ -z "$to" ]] && to="$ADMIN" # Construct email message [[ -z "${emails[$to]}" ]] && emails[$to]="$HEADER" emails[$to]="${emails[$to]}\n\nFrom: $from\nDate: $d\nSubject: $subject" # Move emails to trash mv "$file" "$TRASH_FOLDER" done # Notify email users that the emails are sent to trash for k in "${!emails[@]}"; do echo -e "${emails[$k]}\n----------\n$FOOTER" | mail -s "Inbox Cleared" -c "$ADMIN" $k done Server Software Server software configuration and installation procedures such as Apache, and Postfix Apache Option FollowSymLinks not allowed here Error Apache htaccess Option FollowSymLinks not allowed here error: find /home -name ".htaccess" -type f -exec sed -i '/FollowSymLinks/SymLinksIfOwnerMatch/g' {} ";" Migrating Self-Signed SSL Certificate to LetsEncrypt Certificate Download Let's Encrypt Client sudo -s git clone https://github.com/letsencrypt/letsencrypt /opt/letsencrypt Update Apache Configuration Let's Encrypt does not detect multiple virtual host in a single file, so if you have multiple virtual hosts in a single file, you need to separate it and update the configuration for SSL only. Then redirect all plain-text traffic to SSL using a single virtual host. Create a new virtual host in /etc/httpd/conf.d/redirect_ssl.conf to redirect plain-text traffic to SSL, replace all to your TLD, such as example.com: ServerName ServerAlias *. RewriteEngine on RewriteRule ^/(.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}/$1 [NC,R=301,L] Setup SSL Certificates cd /opt/letsencrypt ./letsencrypt-auto --apache -d -d www. -d . Replacing with your domain, subsequent subdomains can be specified with -d option. Restart Apache and Test systemctl restart httpd (Optional) Renewing SSL Certificates Let's Encrypt issue 90 days validity certificates, but you can however, renew it earlier in case errors occurred. To renew the certificates, simply use the following command: /opt/letsencrypt/letsencrypt-auto renew If you have just created a new certificate, Let's Encrypt will never issue you a new one, it will only issue a new certificate for your domains if the validity period is less than 30 days, so, you can create a cronjob to try and renew the certificate every day, week or month, in case anything goes wrong with your certificate. To setup cronjob to automatically renew certificate, enter command crontab -e to create a new cronjob and add the following line: 0 3 * * 1 /opt/letsencrypt/letsencrypt-auto renew >> /var/log/le-renew.log The cronjob above will run on every monday at 3 A.M., it will append any output from /opt/letsencrypt/letsencrypt-autoto /var/log/le-renew.log. Please refer to the reference for more info on Linux cronjobs. References Digital Ocean Article Let's Encrypt Article Cronjob Format LAMP Stack Upgrade Issues "Table Doesn't Exists" After MySQL/MariaDB Upgrade Paste MySQL data directory to upgraded data directory, containing ibdata1, ib_logfile0 and ib_logfile1, in lampp, it's /opt/lampp/var/mysql: sudo cp /opt/lampp_backup/var/mysql /opt/lampp/var/mysql sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/lampp/mysql Standard Installation Procedures for LAMP Stack on CentOS 7 1. System Upgrade yum -y update 2. Install Required Software yum -y install git policycoreutils-python httpd mariadb mariadb-server php-mysql php-gd php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-snmp php-soap curl curl-devel 3. Setup MySQL Server mysql_secure_installation 4. Start and Enable All Services systemctl enable httpd systemctl enable mariadb systemctl start httpd systemctl start mariadb 5. Open Firewall Ports firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=/tcp firewall-cmd --reload 6. Change SSH Port vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config #and append 'Port ' semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp systemctl restart sshd 7. Enable Shutdown Button Edit /etc/systemd/logind.conf and uncomment the following 2 lines: PowerKeyIgnoreInhibited=no HandlePowerKey=poweroff 8. Reboot System reboot (HP MicroServer Only) Edit /etc/default/grub and append clocksource=hpet nolapic to the end of GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX variable.Slow Loading on Ownloud 8 Change /var/www/html/owncloud/config/config.php database host to 127.0.0.1 instead of localhostPostfix and Dovecot Configuration Installation hostnamectl set-hostname mail.. yum -y install postfix dovecot Postfix Configuration Append the following to /etc/postfix/main.cf: myhostname = mail.. mydomain = . myorigin = $mydomain home_mailbox = mail/ mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 inet_interfaces = all mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_local_domain = smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination smtp_tls_security_level = may smtpd_tls_security_level = may smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1 smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/./privkey.pem smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/./fullchain.pem smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s smtpd_use_tls=yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom virtual_alias_domains = . virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual Find and uncomment the following lines in /etc/postfix/main.cf: #inet_interfaces = localhost #mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost Append the following lines to /etc/postfix/master.cf: submission inet n - n - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/submission -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING smtps inet n - n - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING Make sure that the following is present in /etc/postfix/main.cf: alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases Edit and add the desired email address to /etc/postfix/virtual such as the following: info@. admin webmaster@. admin Create a map database: postmap /etc/postfix/virtual Dovecot Configuration Find and modify the following lines in /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf: # Postfix smtp-auth unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth { mode = 0660 user = postfix group = postfix } Find and modify the following lines in /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf: auth_mechanisms = plain login Find and modify the following lines in /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf: mail_location = maildir:~/mail Find and modify the following lines in /etc/dovecot/conf.d/20-pop3.conf: pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv Find and modify the following lines in /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf: ssl_cert = ./fullchain.pem ssl_key = ./privkey.pem Restart and Enable Services systemctl restart postfix systemctl enable postfix systemctl restart dovecot systemctl enable dovecot Open Firewall Ports firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=smtp firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=587/tcp firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=465/tcp firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=110/tcp firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=pop3s firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=143/tcp firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=imaps firewall-cmd --reload Configure DNS Add an A record for the mail server: name = mail..` IP = Add an MX record: Hostname = mail.. Priority = 5 Add the following TXT records: Name = @ Text = "v=spf1 ip4: ~all" Name = _dmarc.. Text = v=DMARC1; p=none Add PTR record for . Finally, test your email at https://www.mail-tester.com/ Notes on Using Let's Encrypt for SSL Make sure that Encryption is set to STARTTLS when configuring mail clients References Krizna Article Ubuntu Postfix Alias Configuration Install RethinkDB on CentOS 7 Installing RethinkDB sudo wget http://download.rethinkdb.com/centos/7/`uname -m`/rethinkdb.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/rethinkdb.repo sudo yum install rethinkdb Create Service File Create the service file, /usr/lib/systemd/system/rethinkdb@.service with the following content: [Unit] Description=RethinkDB database server for instance '%i' [Service] User=rethinkdb Group=rethinkdb ExecStart=/usr/bin/rethinkdb serve --config-file /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/%i.conf KillMode=process PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target Make sure that it has a permission of 644: chmod 644 /usr/lib/systemd/system/rethinkdb@.service Creating a Rethink DB Instance Create the RethinkDB data directory: rethinkdb create -d /path/to/your/rethinkdb/directory Set the ownership to RethinkDB user: sudo chown -R rethinkdb.rethinkdb /path/to/your/rethinkdb/directory Copy RethinkDB sample config file: sudo cp /etc/rethinkdb/default.conf.sample /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance1.conf Edit /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance1.conf, the line with directory= must be changed to point to your Rethink DB data directory. Start RethinkDB Instance in this case would be instance1: sudo systemctl enable rethinkdb@ sudo systemctl start rethinkdb@ References RethinkDB Startup DocTurtl API Server and Client Installation CentOS 7 Turtl API Clone and Configure Turtl API Create a user for turtl API: sudo useradd turtl Switch user to turtl: sudo su turtl Change directory to turtl's home: cd ~ Install Clozure CL Install RethinkDB and create an instance for Turtl API Install libuv: sudo yum install libuv Clone Turtl repo: git clone https://github.com/turtl/api.git Copy Turtl API config: cp config/config.default.lisp config/lisp Edit and configure config/config.lisp, make sure to update the following parameters:(defvar *local-upload* "" (defvar *local-upload-url* "" Setup Up Service Create a service file at /usr/lib/systemd/system/turtl.service with the following entry: [Unit] Description=Turtl API Server [Service] User=turtl Group=turtl ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/ccl64 --load /home/turtl/api/start.lisp KillMode=process [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target Start and enable the service: sudo systemctl start turtl sudo systemctl enable turtl (OPTIONAL) Configure Reverse Proxy in Apache Create httpd virtual host configuration /etc/httpd/conf.d/turtl.conf with the following content, make sure to change to your own domain name: #Server name configuration ServerName ServerAdmin webmaster@ #Proxy configuration ProxyPreserveHost on ProxyRequests off ProxyPass / https://wiki.twcloud.tech:8181/ ProxyPassReverse / https://wiki.twcloud.tech:8181/ #Logging configuration ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/turtl.err LogLevel warn (OPTIONAL) Restrict User Registration Add the following lines in your Turtl API Virtual Hosts configuration: #Restrict Registration AuthType Basic AuthName "Restricted" AuthUserFile /home/turtl/.htpasswd Require valid-user Then generate a .htpasswd password file in /home/turtl: sudo htpasswd -c /etc/apache2/.htpasswd . Make sure that it's in the right permission and owner: chmod 640 /home/turtl/.htpasswd && chown turtl:apache /home/turtl/.htpasswd Installing JS Client Clone turtl/js repo to webserver webroot: sudo mkdir /var/www/turtl && cd /var/www/turtl && sudo git clone https://github.com/turtl/js.git . Install NodeJS dependencies: npm install Copy default config: cp config/config.js.default config.js Edit config/config.js Update owner and group: chown -R apache:apache . Generate assets: make Software Development All about software development tricks on Linux Creating War File in Linux CD to war directory in the project folder Execute jar -cvf .war * Standard Procedures for CakePHP Application Deployment 1. Clone Source File git clone 2. Setup Database mysql -uroot -p create database ; grant all on .* to ''.'localhost' identified by ''; cd /app Console/cake schema create Console/cake schema update -s 3. Setup PHP Edit /etc/php.ini and add the following line: date.timezone = "Asia/Kuala_Lumpur" 4. Allow Write Access to tmp chmod -R 777 app/tmp/ 5. Setup Apache Edit /etc/httpd/conf/conf.d and change AllowOverride None to AllowOverride All in tag. Then, restart httpd: sudo systemctl restart httpd (OPTIONAL) SELinux sudo setsebool -P allow_httpd_anon_write on sudo setsebool -P allow_httpd_sys_script_anon_write on sudo setsebool -P httpd_unified 0 sudo chcon -R -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /app/tmp/ Installing Clozure CL and QuickLisp on CentOS 7 Download Clozure CL Open up terminal and enter the command: svn co http://svn.clozure.com/publicsvn/openmcl/release/1.11/linuxx86/ccl Where linuxx86 is one of: darwinx86 linuxx86 freebsdx86 solarisx86 windows linuxarm Download and Install QuickLisp Download QuickLisp from https://beta.quicklisp.org/quicklisp.lisp Enter the command: ./ccl/lx86cl64 --load /path/to/quicklisp.lisp In the CCL prompt enter: (quicklisp-quickstart:install)(ql:add-to-init-file) Creating Scripts to Run CCL Edit ./ccl/scripts/ccl and ./ccl/scripts/ccl64 to change CCL_DEFAULT_DIRECTORY=/usr/local/src/ccl line to CCL_DEFAULT_DIRECTORY=~/ccl Copy the scripts to /usr/local/bin directory: sudo cp ./ccl/scripts/ccl* /usr/local/bin/ References Linux Format Article Clozure CL Official Download Page Sound Linux sound problems, configuration and installation No Sound over Wine Install lib32-alsa-plugins lib32-libpulse lib32-openalE: [pulseaudio] module.c: Failed to load module "module-equalizer-sink" (argument: ""): initialization failed. Symtoms Starting pulseaudio will forever Establishing connection, pulseaudio -v will reveal the following errors: W: [pulseaudio] module-equalizer-sink.c: module-equalizer-sink is currently unsupported, and can sometimes cause PulseAudio crashes, increased latency or audible artifacts. W: [pulseaudio] module-equalizer-sink.c: If you're facing audio problems, try unloading this module as a potential workaround. E: [pulseaudio] module-equalizer-sink.c: Master sink not found E: [pulseaudio] module.c: Failed to load module "module-equalizer-sink" (argument: ""): initialization failed. E: [pulseaudio] main.c: Module load failed. E: [pulseaudio] main.c: Failed to initialize daemon. I: [pulseaudio] main.c: Daemon terminated. Solution Start pulseaudio using Desktop Manager's autostart script, the following instruction is for LXDE: Create a desktop file on ~/.config/autostart/pulseaudio-equalizer.desktop Add the following lines: [Desktop Entry] Type=Application Exec=bash -c 'pactl load-module module-equalizer-sink; pactl load-module module-dbus-protocol;' References PulseAudio Wiki Archwiki's PulseAudio Troubleshooting Storage Storage administration and tricks, including LVM, SCSi etc. LVM Extending from New Physical Volume Create new physical volume from new partition Use fdisk utility to create new partition pvcreate /dev/ pvs Adding physical volume to volume group vgextend /dev/ Extending logical volume lvextend -L+ /dev// #For XFS: xfs_grow / #For EXT4: resize2fs // System Linux system tools, administration and tips ArchLinux Upgrade Issues Error: key "ABCDE1282828181" could not be looked up remotely Upgrade archlinux-keyring: pacman -S archlinux-keyring Unable to get past login window after upgrading This is caused by Nvidia driver being upgraded nvidia-dkms: pacman -S nvidia-libgl Failed to start load kernel modules after upgrade: Possible causes: broadcom-wl module Solved by re-"makepkg" broadcom-wl from AUR Find error message in systemctl status systemd-modules-load.service CentOS Installation Issues HP Microserver Gen 7 Kernel Panic on Boot (Both Live USB and New Installation) Add the following lines to the kernel boot parameters: nolapic clocksource=hpet Blank Screen on Startup Append nomodeset to kernel paramChanging Default S2RAM to USWSUSP Suspend Module If you have any issues to suspend your laptop e.g. suspend command doesn't work on your laptop, try changing the default sleep module to uswsusp: Edit /etc/pm/config.d/module and add the following line: SLEEP_MODULE=uswsusp Edit /etc/pm/config.d/defaults and add the following line: S2RAM_OPTS="-f" Reboot and try to let her sleep. References OpenSuse Documentation on Suspending AskUbuntu Thread Fixing Incorrect Lid State by Hacking DSDT When I install a Linux distro to my VAIO notebook, I found that there is an annoying bug with the lid switch. It does not get updated whenever I suspend on lid close, it means cat /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID/state will output state: close. When I close the lid again, it won't suspend, instead, it will change the state to open. So in order for it to suspend again on lid close after the first suspend, I have to close it, reopen the lid and close it again. I have tried installing Linux Mint, Fedora, Fuduntu and Xubuntu, but it is not fixed in any of the distros. So, I don't think it is distro problems. While researching this issues (which I spent two full days), I found that Linux got an amazing feature that enable users to dynamically loading DSDT at boot time, there is no need to update the BIOS. So here's the instuctions: Install iasl using yum, apt-get or whatever package management you are using. Extract DSDT: $ sudo cat/sys/firmware/acpi/tables/DSDT > dsdt.aml Disassemble dsdt.aml using the following command, this should create a new file dsdt.dsl: $ iasl -d dsdt.aml Compile it using: $ iasl -tc dsdt.dsl Fix any compiler errors, warnings and remarks. On my machine, the output is: dsdt.dsl 1352: And (CTRL, 0x1E) Warning 1106 - ^ Result is not used, operator has no effect dsdt.dsl 1584: 0x00000000, // Length Error 4122 - ^ Invalid combination of Length and Min/Max fixed flags dsdt.dsl 2443: Name (_T_0, 0x00) Remark 5111 - Use of compiler reserved name ^ (_T_0) dsdt.dsl 2521: Name (_T_0, 0x00) Remark 5111 - Use of compiler reserved name ^ (_T_0) a. The first one is on line 1352 can be fixed simply by changing And (CTRL, 0x1E) to And (CTRL, 0x1E, CTRL).b. The second one is on line 1584, the length should be Range Maximum - Range Minimum + 1, on my machine, so fire up a hex calculator and start subtracting. On my machine, it's 0xE0000000 (0xDFFFFFFF - 0x00000000 + 0x00000001).c. The third and fourth line is on line 2443 and 2521, because it uses a reserved name, simply replacing all instances of _T_0 to T_0 will stop the complaints. In vim, it is as simple as issuing :%s/_T_0/T_0/g in command mode. Once everything is fixed (no errors, warning or remarks), add the following line to _WAK method, simply search for _WAK in dsdt.dsl: If (LNotEqual (0x00, LIDS)) { Store (0x00, LIDS) Notify (\_SB.LID, 0x80) } NOTE 1: You might need to change \_SB.LID to match your path to LID method or on some machine LID0. Method name is preceded by an _ (underscore), so you can search for _LID in dsdt.dsl. After you found it, you have to determine the scope, scroll up until you found Scope keyword that your LID or LID0 method belongs to, inside the bracket is the scope name. It may be in more than one scope, so, it might be \_PCI0.SB.LID. If you specify an incorrect path to LID method, you will receive the following error: dsdt.dsl 300: Notify (LID, 0x80) Error 4068 - ^ Object is not accessible from this scope (LID_) NOTE 2: What this function does is just to update the lid state once it is resumed from sleep. According to the ACPICA documentation, _WAK method is called by AcpiLeaveSleepState() function of ACPI. If the lid is open, the LIDS variable is 0x00, or 0x01 otherwise. So these few lines translate to "if lid state is not open (closed), change lid state to open and call LIDmethod". Compile it using iasl -tc dsdt.dsl. If no errors, warnings or remarks, add the following lines to /etc/grub.d/01_acpi: # Uncomment to load custom ACPI table GRUB_CUSTOM_ACPI="/boot/dsdt.aml" # DON'T MODIFY ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE! prefix=/usr exec_prefix=${prefix} libdir=${exec_prefix}/lib . /usr/share/grub/grub-mkconfig_lib #. ${libdir}/grub/grub-mkconfig_lib # Load custom ACPI table if [ x${GRUB_CUSTOM_ACPI} != x ] && [ -f ${GRUB_CUSTOM_ACPI} ] \ && is_path_readable_by_grub ${GRUB_CUSTOM_ACPI}; then echo "Found custom ACPI table: ${GRUB_CUSTOM_ACPI}" >&2 prepare_grub_to_access_device `${grub_probe} --target=device ${GRUB_CUSTOM_ACPI}` | sed -e "s/^/ /" cat << EOF acpi (\$root)`make_system_path_relative_to_its_root ${GRUB_CUSTOM_ACPI}` EOF fi Add executable bit to it: $ sudo chmod +x /etc/grub.d/01_acpi Copy the new dsdt.aml to /boot: $ sudo cp dsdt.aml /boot Regenerate grub.cfg: $ sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg Reboot References Archwiki on DSDT Redhat's Bug Report Ubuntu's Bug Report 1 Ubuntu's Bug Report 2 Somebody's blog on fixing DSDT errors, remarks and warnings ACPICA Documentation JournalD Administration Optimizing JournalD Disk Space Usage Edit /etc/systemd/journald.conf and change the following line: SystemMaxUse=200M To check disk space used by journald: journalctl --disk-usageLinux on Macbook Administration Blessing the Linux Kernel Boot into Mac Recovery Start terminal and enter: bless --folder /Volumes/ARCH_EFI/EFI/arch/grub/ --file /Volumes/ARCH_EFI/EFI/arch/grub/grubx64.efi Changing Apple keyboards (Macbook or USB) fnmode in Linux Changing it temporarily, as root: echo 2 > /sys/module/hid_apple/parameters/fnmode Changing it Permanently: Edit /etc/modprobe.d/hid_apple.conf and add the following line: options hid_apple fnmode=2 SELinux - Services Blocked by SELinux SELinux Blocked Apache Access to Files setsebool -P httpd_unified 1sudo /sbin/restorecon -R /var/www/html VSFTPD OOPS Error Issue the following command: setsebool -P ftp_home_dir 1 SSH bind port error permission denied Issue the following command: semanage port –a –t ssh_port_t –p tcp 1234 Permission denied HTTP Error 403 Issue the following command: chcon -R --reference=/var/www /path/to/webroot SELinux Denied HTTPD Access to MYSQLD on 127.0.0.1 grep mysqld /var/log/audit/audit.log | audit2allow -M mysqld semodule -i mysqld.pp SELinux Denied FTP Access to SMB Share Try to login with ncftp first and you will see the error "OOPS: cannot change directory: /path/to/samba_share" Execute command: su -c "grep ftpd_t /var/log/audit/audit.log | allow2audit -M ftpd_smb && semodule -i ftpd_smb" Try to login again with ncftp and ls command will return empty list a although it isn't Execute command: su -c "grep ftpd_t /var/log/audit/audit.log | allow2audit -M ftpd_smb && semodule -i ftpd_smb" Execute command => sudo setsebool -P allow_ftpd_full_access on Execute command => sudo setsebool -P ftp_home_dir on Owncloud Custom Data Directory Denied Assume owncloud data directory: /var/data Install policycoreutils-python/etc/init.d/restorecond startchkconfig restorecond onsemanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t '/var/data(/.*)?' restorecon -Rv /var/dataStandard CentOS Workstation Setup Install GUI (MATE Desktop) sudo yum install epel-release sudo yum groupinstall 'X Window System' sudo yum groupinstall 'MATE Desktop' sudo systemctl isolate graphical.target sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target Install Printer sudo yum install cups sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools" sudo systemctl enable cups sudo systemctl start cups sudo yum install foomatic Install drivers for the printer available at Open Printing Optional - GUI WiFi Support sudo yum install NetworkManager-wifi Ansible Contains everything on Ansible IT automation tool, playbooks and tricks Playbook - Clearing Users' Data Files in a Group of Windows Machines The playbook below will remove all users' data in a computer that belongs in an inventory group. Below is a list of steps that this playbook will do: Disable and remove the target user Reboot to remove any file locks from the logged in user Remove any files in the user's directory, skipping symbolic links Re-create a public user with the same username and empty password that cannot be changed Enable auto login for the user so that new machine will be configured for auto login as well Reboot computer to enable the configuration The playbook is as follows, please change the variables encapsulated in < > with the desired values: --- - hosts: tasks: - name: remove user account win_user: name: account_disabled: yes state: absent - name: reboot win_reboot: msg: "Scheduled reset started, windows will reboot in 90 seconds" pre_boot_delay: 90 - name: remove any files in the folder tree ignore_errors: yes win_shell: | $Path = "C:\Users\" Remove-Item "$Path" -Force -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue if (Test-Path "$Path" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { $folders = Get-ChildItem -Path $Path -Directory -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue ForEach ($folder in $folders) { Remove-Tree $folder.FullName -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue } $files = Get-ChildItem -Path $Path -File -Force ForEach ($file in $files) { Remove-Item $file.FullName -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue } if (Test-Path "$Path" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { Remove-Item $Path -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue } } - name: re-add user account win_user: name: state: present groups: Users user_cannot_change_password: yes password_expired: no password_never_expire: yes - name: enable auto logon win_shell: | Set-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon' -Name 'AutoAdminLogon' -Value '1' Set-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon' -Name 'DefaultUsername' -Value '' Set-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon' -Name 'DefaultPassword' -Value '' - name: reboot to apply new settings win_reboot: msg: "Scheduled reset completed, windows will reboot in 5 seconds" pre_boot_delay: 5 References: https://luke.geek.nz/win/using-powershell-setup-automatic-logon-windows-servers/ https://stackoverflow.com/a/31450526 https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/2.5/modules/list_of_windows_modules.html Playbook - Update Windows Machine (Windows Update Disabled) This playbook will: Modify windows update service to manual in case the machine is set to disabled Start the windows update service Download and install the updates, reboot if required The playbook is as follows, please change the encapsulated < > values to the desired values: --- - hosts: tasks: - name: change windows update service to manual win_shell: Set-Service wuauserv -StartupType Manual - name: start windows update service win_shell: Start-Service wuauserv - name: download and install updates win_updates: reboot: yes Playbook - Initiate Clamscan on Machines with ClamWin Installed This playbook will initiate a full scan on all computers using Clamscan that is installed through ClamWin: --- - hosts: tasks: - name: full computer scan win_command: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\ClamWin\bin\clamscan.exe" -rv --move=C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\quarantine\ --database=C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\db\ --log=C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\log\ClamScanLog.txt --enable-stats C:\' Playbook - Disable Windows Updates This playbook will download disable_windows_update.ps1 from a server, reachable by all clients and execute the script to disable windows updates on a group of windows machines. Though it is written to specifically disable windows update, it can be modified to execute other scripts as well. The playbook configuration file is ass follows, replace enclosed < > tags with the desired values: --- - hosts: tasks: - name: download script to disable windows update win_get_url: url: http:///disable_windows_update.ps1 dest: C:\ - name: execute disable windows update script win_shell: C:\disable_windows_update.ps1 - name: remove script win_file: path: C:\disable_windows_update.ps1 state: absent